Middle Eastern and North African Studies
Resources relevant for the study of the Middle East (Southwest Asia) and North Africa from the ancient to the modern period
Digital Scholarship / Digital Humanities (DS / DH)
Sampling of Tools, Initiatives, & Projects
(for a richer sampling, see MELA DSIG Resource List)
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Jedli Search Tool"Toolbox that contains several distinct search functions. It allows you to perform customized search operations looking for any number of words, or combinations thereof, in Arabic texts. Jedli has three different search options: the indexer, the highlighter, and the context search."
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Prosop (Will Hanley)“Prosop is a workflow to collect and aggregate information about historical individuals. The tool is meant to preserve such information in its native format, without any fixed category requirements. It will then find connections within a very large pool of demographic data, and allow aggregate analysis.”
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Islamicate Digital Humanities Network (IDHN)"network of scholars with a research focus on Islamicate Digital Studies. This includes scholars from the Humanities, Computer Sciences, Computational Linguistics as well as librarians and archivists that work on topics that relate to Middle Eastern politics and culture, Islam as a religion, Arabic, Persian, and other Islamicate languages, et al. and that are already using or are interested in using digital methods for their research..."
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Roshan Initiative in Persian Digital Humanities at the University of Maryland (PersDig@U-MD)Persian Digital Humanities initiative currently developing three projects: the Persian Digital Library (PDL) (part of the multi-institutional Open Islamicate Texts Initiative), the Persian Manuscript Initiative (PMI), and the Lalehzar Digital Project (LDP).
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Digital Ottoman Studies"...a hub for digital projects, tools, events, publications, and platforms to contribute to Digital Humanities from the perspective of Ottoman and Turkish Studies."
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Ottoman Turkish Print Free Public AI Model for Handwritten Text Recognition with Transkribus"This print model is trained on a selection of six late 19th – early 20th century Ottoman Turkish periodicals and an Ottoman Turkish dictionary. It was created by the Digital Ottoman Corpora team. We adhered to the “half-transcription” latinization scheme recommended by the Turkish Historical Association for late Ottoman era print material."
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Middle East Librarians Association | Digital Scholarship Interest Group"The MELA Digital Scholarship Interest Group (MELA DSIG) is focused on supporting our community of colleagues working in MENA librarianship as we engage with digital humanities / digital scholarship."
Arabic script OCR
See also the various publications and presentations from the Bibliotheca Alexandrina (Alexandria, Egypt) and Qatar Computing Research Institute. Important existing tools are QATIP, Sakhr, NovoVerus, and Kraken
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Important New Developments in Arabographic Optical Character Recognition (OCR) (2017)Maxim Romanov, Matthew Thomas Miller, Sarah Bowen Savant, Benjamin Kiessling. (2017). "Important New Developments in Arabographic Optical Character Recognition (OCR)" arXiv:1703.09550
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Advances and Limitations in Open Source Arabic-Script OCR: A Case Study (2021)Kiessling, B. & Kurin, G. & Miller, M. T. & Smail, K., (2021) “Advances and Limitations in Open Source Arabic-Script OCR: A Case Study”, Digital Studies / Le champ numérique 11(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.8094
Fonts / Typefaces
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Cuneiform Fonts (Sylvie Vanséveren)Unicode Cuneiform Fonts for Macintosh and Windows, True Type Fonts created by Sylvie Vanséveren
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Gentium (SIL International NRSI)Accommodates quite well the diacritics used in most Romanization / transliteration schemes. "Gentium is a typeface family designed to enable the diverse ethnic groups around the world who use the Latin, Cyrillic and Greek scripts to produce readable, high-quality publications. It supports a wide range of Latin- and Cyrillic-based alphabets."
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Hebrew Fonts (Unicode & Open-source) – פונטים קוד פתוח ביוניקודUnicode 4.0+ compliant Hebrew font pack from the Oppen Siddur Project
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Hebrew fonts from The Culmus Project"The Culmus project aims at providing the Hebrew-speaking GNU/Linux and Unix community with a basic collection of Hebrew fonts for X Windows. Presently the collection contains fifteen font families of different styles. "
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Luc Devroye: On Snot and Fonts"These pages offer over 50,000 entries with information on type design, type designers, the history and choice of fonts and typefaces, the mathematics of type design, font software, and typographic matters in general. The subjects are cross-classified by country, language, tag, style, and category. Each item also has a dedicated subpage with additional images not shown on the main pages [click on pink dots like ⦿]. I started this work in 1993."
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Non-Roman Script Initiative = NRSI (SIL International)"The NRSI is a department of SIL International, whose task is to provide assistance, research and development for SIL International and its partners to support the use of non-Roman and complex scripts in language development.
Our vision is that language communities are effectively using their preferred writing system on computers without technical barriers." -
Unicode 9.0 Character Code ChartsOrganized by script and language
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Unicode Consortium"The Unicode Consortium enables people around the world to use computers in any language. Our freely-available specifications and data form the foundation for software internationalization in all major operating systems, search engines, applications, and the World Wide Web. An essential part of our mission is to educate and engage academic and scientific communities, and the general public."
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Unicode Standard"The web bookmark pages provide a way to access specific sections of the online PDF editions of the Unicode Standard, starting with Version 4.0. Each bookmark page lists the contents of that version and has links to the chapters, sections, and subsections of the online edition."
Last Updated: Nov 22, 2025 1:52 AM
Subjects: International Studies