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A deft, readable examination of two icons of black resistance    "This book is more than a must- read; it is an essential read if one is interested in a multidimensional view of two icons in American History."--Brenda R. Simmons, University of North Carolina-Charlotte   "Waldschmidt-Nelson has written a myth-shattering account of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X that, without diminishing their differences, illuminates surprising similarities. Teachers will find this book useful in informing students how the struggle against white supremacy powerfully transformed the lives of its participants and the nation."--Steven Lawson, Rutgers University   One man dreamed of a country united in true racial equality. Another saw this as a nightmare that served only the interest of wealthy whites. Both were sons of Baptist ministers. Both grew up to be icons of the civil rights movement.             Integration versus separatism. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X have come to symbolize the two primary strands of black political thought during the civil rights movement, much as Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois had more than a half-century earlier. As Henry Louis Gates Jr. points out in his foreword, the parallels and divergences between the two men remain striking. Britta Waldschmidt-Nelson compares and contrasts these two giants in her fascinating dual biography. She offers a concise account of their lives, accomplishments, and challenges. In a crisp, fascinating narrative, she reveals the interconnectedness of their goals, their visions, and their legacies. Most provocative, she suggests what might have been, as their philosophies began to converge, were it not for a pair of assassins' bullets.   Britta Waldschmidt-Nelson is associate professor of American history and culture at the University of Munich in Germany.   A volume in the series New Perspectives on the History of the South, edited by John David Smith

This "landmark" (Ibram X. Kendi, New York Times-bestselling author of How to Be an Antiracist) dual biography of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King upends longstanding preconceptions to transform our understanding of the twentieth century's most iconic African American leaders   To most Americans, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. represent contrasting ideals: self-defense versus nonviolence, black power versus civil rights, the sword versus the shield. The struggle for black freedom is wrought with the same contrasts. While nonviolent direct action is remembered as an unassailable part of American democracy, the movement's militancy is either vilified or erased outright. In The Sword and the Shield, Peniel E. Joseph upends these misconceptions and reveals a nuanced portrait of two men who, despite markedly different backgrounds, inspired and pushed each other throughout their adult lives. This is a strikingly revisionist biography, not only of Malcolm and Martin, but also of the movement and era they came to define.