Simply defined, technical reports
“…communicate research progress in technology and science; they deliver information for technical development to industry and research institutions, contributing to the continued growth of science and technology.”*
*“TRAIL” Center for Research Libraries. https://www.crl.edu/programs/trail.
Technical reports may be published by government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency, by professional societies such as the Society of Automotive Engineers, by research institutes such as the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, by corporations such as General Motors, and by others.
Many technical reports will not have been indexed in library databases such as Compendex, Scopus, or Web of Science. Therefore, finding a technical report is aided by knowing if it was published by a government agency, a professional society, or a different entity.
Technical reports from U.S. government agencies are indexed in the National Technical Reports Library (NTRL). Many reports indexed in NTRL are available in PDF format. Agency reports that are born digital may be available in the agencies' online libraries. Technical reports from professional societies such as the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) or the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) typically are available online in the societies' digital libraries. Technical reports from University of Michigan authors may be available in the Deep Blue Documents repository. Finally, technical reports from private corporations may be available online, but often these reports can no longer be found.
The University of Michigan Library provides access to a large number of technical reports that were issued in microformats. These reports on microfiche or microcard are housed in the basement of the Duderstadt Center. Reports include reports from research institutions such as the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), professional societies such as the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME), and U.S. government agencies such as DOE, EPA, FHWA, and NRC. An overview of the holdings in this microfiche collection can be found in this spreadsheet.

In all cases, when you are having trouble finding a copy of a technical report, please ask a librarian for help.
Please see the next section for a list of selected sites for online access to technical reports.